Differences Between 52100 & E52100 Steel

AISI 52100

AISI 52100 alloy steel is known as a high carbon, chromium containing low alloy steel. The following datasheet gives an overview of AISI 52100 alloy steel.

E52100 Steel

AISI/SAE E52100 (UNS G52986)	High-Carbon, Chromium Alloy
Typical Analysis	C: .98/1.10, Mn: .25/.45, P: .025 Max, S: .025 Max, Si: .15/.30, Cr: 1.3/1.6
Characteristics	• This high carbon, chromium alloy is stocked in the annealed condition. • This grade is manufactured by the electric furnace process. Typically the quenched hardness is 62 to 66 HRC depending mainly upon section thickness
Typical Applications	• Grade E52100 is used primarily for races and balls or rollers of rolling-element (anti-friction) bearings. The grade is also suitable for parts requiring high hardness and wear resistance
Typical Mechanical Properties (Annealed)	• Yield – 85,000 psi • Tensile – 105,000 psi • Elongation – 17% • Reduction Area – 50% • BHN at surface – 228

52100 Chemical Composition

The following table shows the chemical composition of AISI 52100 alloy steel.

Element	Content (%)
Iron, Fe	96.5 – 97.32
Chromium, Cr	1.30 – 1.60
Carbon, C	0.980 – 1.10
Manganese, Mn	0.250 – 0.450
Silicon, Si	0.150 – 0.300
Sulfur, S	≤ 0.0250
Phosphorous, P	≤ 0.0250

52100 Physical Properties

The physical properties of AISI 52100 alloy steel are listed in the following table.

Properties	Metric	Imperial
Density	7.81 g/cm3	0.282 lb/in³
Melting point	1424°C	2595°F

52100 Mechanical properties

The mechanical properties of AISI 52100 alloy steel are outlined in the following table.

Properties	Metric	Imperial
Bulk modulus (typical for steel)	140 GPa	20300 ksi
Shear modulus (typical for steel)	80 GPa	11600 ksi
Elastic modulus	190-210 GPa	27557-30458 ksi
Poisson’s ratio	0.27-0.30	0.27-0.30
Hardness, Brinell	–	–
Hardness, Knoop (converted from Rockwell C hardness)	875	875
Hardness, Rockwell C (quenched in oil from 150°C tempered)	62	62
Hardness, Rockwell C (quenched in water from 150°C tempered)	64	64
Hardness, Rockwell C (quenched in oil)	64	64
Hardness, Rockwell C (quenched in water)	66	66
Hardness, Vickers (converted from Rockwell C hardness)	848	848
Machinability (spheroidized annealed and cold drawn. Based on 100 machinability for AISI 1212 steel)	40	40

52100 Thermal Properties

The thermal properties of AISI 52100 alloy steel are given in the following table.

Properties	Metric	Imperial
Thermal expansion co-efficient (@ 23-280°C/73.4- 536°F, annealed)	11.9 µm/m°C	6.61 µin/in°F
Thermal conductivity (typical steel)	46.6 W/mK	323 BTU in/hr.ft².°F

52100 SteelFabrication and Heat Treatment

52100 Steel Machinability

AISI 52100 alloy steel can be machined using conventional techniques. The machinability of this steel can be improved by performing spherodizing annealing process at 649°C (1200°F) before machining.

52100 Steel Forming

AISI 52100 alloy steel can be formed using all conventional techniques such as cold forging or stamping and hot or cold upset forming techniques.

52100 Steel Heat Treatment

AISI 52100 alloy steel is heated at 816°C (1500°F) followed by quenching in oil. Before performing this process, it is subjected to normalizing heat treatment at 872°C (1600°F) followed by slowly cooling in order to reduce the machining stress.

52100 Steel Forging

AISI 52100 alloy steel is forged at 927 to 1205°C (1700 to 2200°F).

52100 Steel Hot Working

AISI 52100 alloy steel can be hot worked at 205 to 538°C (400 to 1000°F).

52100 Steel Cold Working

AISI 52100 alloy steel can be cold worked using conventional techniques in the annealed or normalized conditions.

52100 Steel Annealing

For spheroidize anneale, the following isothermal anneal is recommended:

1500ºF (815ºC) for 3 hours
1350ºF (735ºC) for 4 hours
1250ºF (675ºC) for 3 hours
Slow cool to 1000ºF (540ºC) then air cool.

52100 Steel Hardening

AISI 52100 alloy steel is hardened by cold working, or heating and quenching. It can be carburized at 913°C (1675°F) followed by quenching. It is again heated at 788°C (1450°F) followed by quenching for the second time.

52100 Steel Applications

AISI 52100 alloy steel is used in bearings in rotating machinery.

Chemical Composition of 52100 Bearing Steel and Equivalents

Standard	Grade	C	Mn	P	S	Si	Ni	Cr	Cu	Mo
ASTM A295	52100	0.93-1.05	0.25-0.45	0.025	0.015	0.15-0.35	0.25	1.35-1.60	0.30	0.10
DIN 17230	100Cr6/1.3505	0.90-1.05	0.25-0.45	0.030	0.025	0.15-0.35	0.30	1.35-1.65	0.30	–
JIS G4805	SUJ2	0.95-1.10	0.50	0.025	0.025	0.15-0.35	–	1.30-1.60	–	–
BS 970	535A99/EN31	0.95-1.10	0.40-0.70	–	–	0.10-0.35	–	1.20-1.60	–	–

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